合模裝置是保護(hù)精密模具及保證制品質(zhì)量的重要部件。與普通的合模裝置相比，精密合模裝置的剛度要大10%～15%，而且動、定模板之間的平行度標(biāo)準(zhǔn)也要高30%～40%，一般控制在0.05～0.08mm，從而實現(xiàn)對于模具的低壓保護(hù)及對合模力的精確控制。
Mold clamping device is an important part to protect precision molds and ensure product quality. Compared with the ordinary clamping device, the stiffness of the precision clamping device is 10% ~ 15%, and the parallelism standard between the moving and fixed templates is 30% ~ 40%, which is generally controlled at 0.05 ~ 0.08mm, so as to realize the low-pressure protection of the mold and the accurate control of the clamping force.
1、精密肘桿裝置的合模裝置
1. Clamping device of precision elbow bar device
對于傳統(tǒng)的肘桿裝置的合模裝置，其動、定模板之間無法獲得長期穩(wěn)定的平行度，同時很難實現(xiàn)對精密模具的低壓保護(hù)。
For the traditional clamping device of elbow bar device, the long-term stable parallelism between moving and fixed templates can not be obtained, and it is difficult to realize the low-pressure protection of precision molds.
為克服這一缺陷，精密肘桿裝置做了以下改進(jìn)：采用高精度的滾珠導(dǎo)軌副來導(dǎo)向動模板的運(yùn)行，保證了動模板運(yùn)行精度的穩(wěn)定性；應(yīng)用了具備控制速度和閉環(huán)壓力的雙重功能的伺服閥，實現(xiàn)了對于精密模具的低壓保護(hù)；銷軸和鋼套采用了具有高耐磨性的摩擦副，進(jìn)一步穩(wěn)定了動、定模板之間的平行度；精密調(diào)模機(jī)構(gòu)的應(yīng)用實現(xiàn)了高精度地調(diào)模，從而保證了動模板在任一位置都能達(dá)到穩(wěn)定的平行度。
In order to overcome this defect, the precision elbow bar device has been improved as follows: a high-precision ball guide rail pair is used to guide the operation of the moving formwork to ensure the stability of the operation accuracy of the moving formwork; The servo valve with dual functions of controlling speed and closed-loop pressure is applied to realize the low-pressure protection of precision die; The pin shaft and steel sleeve adopt friction pairs with high wear resistance to further stabilize the parallelism between moving and fixed formwork; The application of precision die adjustment mechanism realizes high-precision die adjustment, so as to ensure that the moving template can achieve stable parallelism at any position.
2、精密全液壓合模裝置
2. Precision full hydraulic clamping device
精密注塑的合模裝置是以全液壓合模裝置為主。傳統(tǒng)的合模裝置其肘桿裝置的合模力通常作用在上、下(或左、右)兩側(cè)，會導(dǎo)致動模板中部發(fā)生受力變形，從而影響模板的平行度，而這種全液壓合模裝置的合模油缸活塞作用于動模板的中央位置，保證了動、定模板之間長期穩(wěn)定的平行度。
The clamping device of precision injection molding is mainly full hydraulic clamping device. The clamping force of the elbow bar device of the traditional clamping device usually acts on the upper and lower (or left and right) sides, which will cause the stress deformation in the middle of the moving template, thus affecting the parallelism of the template. The clamping cylinder piston of the full hydraulic clamping device acts on the central position of the moving template, ensuring the long-term stable parallelism between the moving and fixed templates.
隨著應(yīng)用要求的提高，精密全液壓合模裝置也不斷進(jìn)行著改造，動模板運(yùn)行的導(dǎo)向采用高精度的滾珠導(dǎo)軌副就是一個最明顯的進(jìn)步，使其達(dá)到了進(jìn)一步提高動、定模板之間的平行度穩(wěn)定性的要求。
With the improvement of application requirements, the precision full hydraulic mold closing device is also constantly reformed. The most obvious progress is that the moving template is guided by the high-precision ball guide rail pair, which makes it meet the requirements of further improving the parallelism and stability between the moving and fixed templates.
3、無拉桿合模裝置
3. Non pull rod clamping device
無拉桿合模裝置由于不采用拉桿，消除了拉桿撓度對模板平行度的影響。近年來，通過對易受力變形的“C”形架進(jìn)行改進(jìn)，提高了動、定模板之間平行度的精度及精度穩(wěn)定性。比如，米拉克龍的Freedom系列無拉桿注塑機(jī)其合模裝置呈U型結(jié)構(gòu)，且僅有底下兩根拉桿，具有更高的剛性。通過配置專利的平衡油缸結(jié)構(gòu)，使得定模板之間的平行度更穩(wěn)定。
Because the pull rod is not used in the pull rod clamping device, the influence of the pull rod deflection on the parallelism of the formwork is eliminated. In recent years, the accuracy and accuracy stability of parallelism between moving and fixed formwork have been improved by improving the "C" frame which is easy to bear force and deformation. For example, miracron's freedom series pull rod free injection molding machine has a U-shaped clamping device with only two lower pull rods, which has higher rigidity. By configuring the patented balance oil cylinder structure, the parallelism between fixed templates is more stable.
4、分塊連體頭板
4. Block connected head plate
一般，有拉桿的合模裝置注塑機(jī)其頭板都是采用整塊式結(jié)構(gòu)，而這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計往往會由于頭板受力過大而導(dǎo)致整體變形。精密注塑機(jī)通過采用分塊連體頭板，有效提高了頭板的剛度，從而達(dá)到減小模板因受力而對模具產(chǎn)生的變形撓度。這種分塊連體頭板將頭板的受力功能和安裝模具功能分開，分別由各自的塊體承擔(dān)，并用中心圓環(huán)體連接受力塊與安裝模具塊。在承受合模力的過程中，由于中心圓環(huán)體的受力面積小于受力塊面積，頭板受力產(chǎn)生的撓度,僅將中央中心圓環(huán)體處所產(chǎn)生的變形撓度傳遞給安裝模具塊，由此可以看出,安裝模具塊因受力而產(chǎn)生的變形撓度區(qū)僅在中央中心圓環(huán)體，不會對安裝模具塊整體產(chǎn)生撓度，從而達(dá)到提高鎖模精度的目的。
Generally, the head plate of injection molding machine with pull rod clamping device adopts the whole block structure, and such structural design often leads to overall deformation due to excessive force on the head plate. The precision injection molding machine effectively improves the stiffness of the head plate by using the block connected head plate, so as to reduce the deformation and deflection of the formwork to the mold due to stress. The block connected head plate separates the stress function of the head plate from the function of installing the die, which is respectively borne by their respective blocks, and the central ring is used to connect the stress block and the installing die block. In the process of bearing the clamping force, since the stress area of the central ring is less than the area of the stress block, the deflection generated by the stress of the head plate only transmits the deformation deflection generated at the central ring to the installation die block. It can be seen that the deformation deflection area of the installation die block due to the stress is only in the central ring and will not produce deflection on the whole of the installation die block, So as to improve the mold locking accuracy.
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